Eco Modular Solutions Soluções Modulares à sua Medida
Technical Presentation 1. Thermal Insulation Through the use of appropriate materials it is possible to hinder the heat dissipation body or an environment. One way to keep something goes through hot coating them with a poor heat conductor, or an insulator in order to avoid waste of energy. Certain materials such as mineral wool, EPS, XPS, hamper this thermal conduction. In conventional construction is common the application of EPS boards in the air gap formed between two masonry cloths. However, due to the presence of thermal bridges formed by the structural elements of large cross section, such as pillars, beams and slabs, this isolation is rarely continued. Considering a reference constructive solution in masonry whose diagram is represented in the figure below, presents an outer cloth hollow brick masonry of 15 cm and an inner cloth hollow brick masonry 11 cm. The cloths are separated by an air-box with 6 cm thick, partly filled with thermal insulation made of extruded polystyrene boards, with 4 cm thick and fixed to the inner cloth. Cloths, indoor and outdoor, are coated with traditional plaster with a thickness of 2.0 cm. This solution has a total thickness of 360 mm (340 mm plus a 20 mm air gap) and results in a thermal conductivity coefficient (U), shown in Table 1, approximately 0.51 W / m2 ° C, whereas where: U = 1 / RTtotal.
Figure 1 - Outside wall masonry The InovModular constructive solution consists of outer insulation ETICS 60 mm, followed by a 12 mm OSB fixed mechanically to the steel plate structure. In the cavity of the steel structure, are 80 mm mineral wool, followed by a laminated plaster board. Like all players materials, have good thermal properties, the result is a highly competent wall and a thermal performance far above the ordinary. This solution has a final thickness of about 217 mm (167 mm + 10 mm ETICS reinforced plaster + 40 mm are filled mineral wool), minus 143-mm masonry solution which, taking into account the full extent of exterior walls of a building, is not negligible area. The coefficient of thermal conductivity, calculated from Table 2, is approximately 0.24 W / m2 ° C, significantly lower than the double masonry cloth solution. Figure 2 - Outdoor Wall InovModular Although of less importance, the thermal inertia ability to accumulate heat in the building elements influencing the thermal behavior of the building both during the winter, determining the handling of the solar gains as in summer, influencing building capacity to neutralize the peak temperature It is also a factor to be taken into account. The RCCTE defines three inertia classes, namely: strong, medium and weak. Traditional masonry solution lies in the strong inertia class. In the case of InovModular solutions, the thermal inertia is invariably poor, since the thermal inertia of the mass directly depend building elements which lie for the thermal insulation inside the building and InovModular solution uses only elements of low mass. However, the only difference imposed on RCCTE is the reduction of the useful heat gains by about 15-20% compared to the strong inertia class, as can be seen in Figure 3. This means that a house with strong inertia retains more ( 15 to 20%) heat.
Figura 3 - Fator de utilização dos ganhos térmicos, η, em função do parâmetro γ e da classe de inércia térmica interior (RCCTE, 2006). Although the total gains are smaller, this is more than offset by the reduction in gross heating requirements since the thermal insulation is much higher. Another important aspect relates to the adjustment of thermal needs the use of housing, that is, the ability to quickly heat or cool the room depending on its use (Rego, 2012). This is only achieved with a low inertia with very low energy loss to the outside, as in the InovModular system, achieving thus make the heating / cooling more effective and less costly building. Finally, it is necessary to take into account the effect of thermal bridging, or heterogeneities, one comes to the existence of a lower thermal resistance at these sites may fumentar the occurrence of condensation giving rise to the occurrence of molds and fungi. This results in a detrimental effect on the building and its occupants since it contributes to the degradation of the construction materials used. Could damage the health of the occupants, losses in their wealth, and yet the rising energy costs of air conditioning in the medium and long term. In traditional construction where beams and columns that occur in concrete, these areas must be recorded separately, which usually means even greater losses than in current areas in masonry. In InovModular system, even excluding the effect of the ETICS, which completely isolates the building eliminating any thermal bridge, only the steel sections interrupt the mineral wool layer. Since the profiles are extremely thin and are further coated OSB by the effect of thermal bridges can be considered very low. 2. Acoustic Insulation In a large part of the housing it becomes difficult to isolate the sound produced in the other spaces of the house, or even the noise from outside. Often it is believed that the only way to avoid the propagation of noise is to increase the width of the walls, namely through the mass. However, it could achieve a good result is to use materials that show proven to be poor sound transmitters, contrary to what happens with the brick and cement. In the case of InovModular housing, mineral wool used in the interior cavity walls, they are effective because of their composition and structure, having high power acoustic insulation. However, other materials also act as a shield noise of the disperser. In the inner walls, the use of laminate plaster boards contributes to reduce the transmission of sound. In the outdoor, beyond the plaster on one side, there is still to rely on the OSB and the ETICS system. The calculation of the acoustic insulation of a rigid and simple element is based on the law of mass: the higher weight per square meter, most isolation ratio Rw to airborne noise. For example, a 200 mm thick concrete wall has a Rw of 55 dB isolation to airborne noise. However, the same value can be achieved by a partition consisting of two plates laminated plaster thickness of 13 mm on each side, screwed to metallic amounts of 70 mm diameter and 60 mm mineral wool therein. All this with a total weight less than 10 times the said concrete wall. Constructive solutions containing mineral wool, act as a "mass-spring-mass" system and provide sound insulation far superior to the elements in a simple and rigid structure for three main reasons: • Effect Absorption - The largest length and fineness of the fibers constituting mineral wool cause friction of the maximum sound vibrations that traverse the structure, absorbing most of its energy; • Spring effect - The high elasticity of the mineral wool acts as a buffer reducing the resonance of the sound waves passing through the constructive solution. Contrary to the law of mass, increased density of mineral wool can reach increase system stiffness wearing off of the "mass-spring-mass"; • Mounting Quality - mineral wool products are often designed to facilitate clean cuts and to adapt to the passage of reducing facilities and / or deleted sound bridges. 3. Against Fire Performance According to EN1991-1-2, InovModular the solutions should have a resistance to a 30 minute fire (R30), in the case of structural elements with only support function. For elements with support function and compartmentalization is required to keep the element resistance, sealing and heat insulation for 30 minutes (REI30). Due to the use of laminate plaster on both faces of the inner walls and on one side of the outer walls both have a fire resistance time estimated at 60 minutes (Gypsum Association, 2009). However, if the use-type building to thereby construct requires, the value amounts to 120 minutes may be used two plates of gypsum per side, which, if necessary, can easily be performed. The decision about the type of signs to be applied, its thickness, or the amount of overlapping layers, should be taken in line with the type of building and its use in order to comply with applicable law. 4. Sustainability In a conventional work how much water is lost during construction? How much wood is wasted in the shuttering process? How many transport means, and the resulting fuel consumption are required for the transport of many heavy metals? The noise is caused on the site, spreading through the neighborhood? How much weight is thrown on the ground, especially in the case of slopes or unstable ground? How long remains the place of work in working phase before completion? As the materials used, including sands are really from certified companies and concerned with sustainability? And yet we are only referring to the period of the work. Now think of a InovModular construction. The weight of a InovModular wall may be less than 10% by weight of a masonry wall with a double cloth towed on both sides. Imagine the energy savings achieved only in transportation and lifting of materials. Waste materials on site is minimized, drastically reducing the amount of debris to be removed at the end of the construction process. Furthermore, the utilization of mechanical fastening systems, the application of quick-drying mortar for outer plasters, the facilitated placing of pipes and electric conductors due to the opening grooves not be required and also many other quick and easy techniques used in our buildings, greatly reduce the hand labor and therefore the time required for completion of the work, reducing noise, the constant movement of vehicles and other impacts in the vicinity. In all the work the water is practically unnecessary. All materials used in the structure and thermal insulation are from certified companies who care about the environment and who devote much of their research to sustainable development. 5. Comfort The InovModular is designed to maximize the comfort of its customers. The use of high quality products, its thermal and acoustic behavior, the use of assisted water heater with solar panels for water heating, as well as home automation system, allow customers InovModular usofruirem of an odd comfort. The modular buildings with steel structure distinguished in thermal and acoustic insulation and regulation of humidity in the environment. Thus, such structures are increasingly popular in countries like the United States, Canada, UK, Nordic countries, France, Germany, South Korea and Japan 6. Balance Humidity Environment Excess moisture from the respiration of occupants and use of hot water, causes moisture in walls and windows, often reaching the drain water in these areas as a result of condensation of water vapor in contact with the cold surfaces. As the cement and brick are cold materials, the environment is required to be constantly heated to prevent these condensations that not only black walls due to the proliferation of fungi, as shown to be extremely harmful to health. In InovModular house insulating materials that are employed by itself, maintain the environment at a temperature which prevents such condensation. Additionally, all inner walls are covered with plasterboards, being porous can absorb excess moisture and then returning it to the environment when it is drier. The fact that the solutions InovModular are usually coated with plaster Thermal by Exterior, adding the insulation with mineral wool boards in the cavity walls between amounts profiles, ensures that the dew point or condensation always occurs on the wall outside and never in therein, as is usual in conventional masonry wall with two wall panels of which are placed between the insulation boards. This solution should be drained and ventilated since the dew point is inside walls, and this is rarely done in any regular construction.
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